2.6.1  Programme Outcomes (POs) and Course Outcomes (COs) for all Programmes offered by the institution are stated and displayed on website

Designing and Enlistment of Programme Outcomes (POs), and Course Outcomes (COs)

INTRODUCTION : Panchakot Mahavidyalaya adheres to the idea that before the Teaching-Learning process begins, a thorough and comprehensive set of Outcomes and Objectives for broad-based Streams, Programs, and Courses must be created, developed, and distributed. The achievement of the stated outcomes can be assessed at the conclusion of the program using both direct and indirect evaluation methods. Additionally, the students would have a clear and concise picture of the goals and outcomes they must accomplish upon successfully completing their program.

OBJECTIVE: In this endeavor, the college began the process of enlisting and detailing the – i) Programme Outcomes (POs) for B.A., B.Sc., B.Com. for both Honours and Program course student. ii) Course Outcomes (COs) for the various courses enlisted in the curriculum of the various Programmes (like CC-1, CC-2 and so on)

BLOOM’S TAXONOMY: Understanding the notion of Learning Outcomes (LOs) was necessary prior to the enlistment of Programme Outcomes (POs), and Course Outcomes (COs). The Learning Outcomes (LOs) listed by Bloom's Taxonomy are recognized and acknowledged globally. In 1956, the first version of Bloom's Taxonomy was created to represent the Cognitive Domain's hierarchical learning levels. There were six levels in the first Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Learning Outcomes. The 2001 revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Learning Outcomes involved rearranging the learning outcome hierarchies. The educators at Panchakot Mahavidyalaya adhere to the idea that, beginning with the most fundamental and foundational layers of learning outcomes (the lowest layer of the pyramid), we should work toward helping students reach the highest levels of learning outcomes (the top of the pyramid).

The development of intellectual abilities (synthesis, problem solving, etc.) and knowledge (recalling or retaining information) are under the purview of the cognitive domain. Students' thinking is categorized by the various cognitive domain levels from less to higher order of complexity in thought.

The Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Domain Learning Outcomes can be better illustrated with the following internationally accepted diagrams (figure 1)

Figure 1: Bloom's Pyramid

Students must meet specific goals or results for each of the specified learning outputs (shown as Layers in the pyramid). These goals or results are expressed as verbs. A list of verbs, or the accomplished goals linked to that specific layer, has been identified for each layer and is provided below in a classified format. Figure 2 illustrates how crucial it was for the faculty members of Panchakot Mahavidyalaya to study and comprehend Bloom's Taxonomy for Cognitive domain Learning Outcomes. The faculty members would base the creation of broad-stream-based Program Outcomes (POs) on these Learning Outcomes (LOs).

Figure 2: Demonstrating the steps from low to higher order thinking

DESIGNING OF PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POS)  :After studying the Bloom’s Taxonomy prescribed list of Learning Outcomes (LOs), Panchakot Mahavidyalaya initiated the task of designing the broad-stream based Programme Outcomes (POs) based on the Semester Outcomes (SOs). Though the institute offers a total of 26 courses (commbining the Honours and Program courses of all subjects), the Undergraduate Programmes were classified into 03 (three) broad-based streams, such as:

1. B.A. Programmes
2. B.Sc. Programmes
3. B.Com Programme

Now the designing phase of the Programme Outcomes (POs) of the 03 (three) aforementioned broad-based streams started. After due deliberation, discussion and brainstorming among the Faculty Members, IQAC and other stakeholders, the Programme Outcomes (POs) were enlisted.

Programme Outcomes (POs) for B.A. Programmes: 
a) PO-1 : Acquire knowledge in the field and domain of Social Sciences, Literature and Humanities which make them sensitive and sensible.

b) PO-2 : Develop acquaintance with the Social, Historical, Geographical, Philosophical, Economic and Political thinking and traditions

c) PO-3 : Develop knowledge of theories, concepts, and research methods in humanities, history, social sciences and political philosophies of ancient, medieval and modern thinkers

d) PO-4 : The students would grow human values framing the base to deal with various problems in life with courage and humanity.

e) PO-5 : The students would develop competency in literary works on the basis of the foundation laid by the scholars.

f) PO-6 : To gain knowledge on fundamental principles of grammar in Languages like English, Bengali, French and Sanskrit.

g) PO-7 : Realize the importance of literature in terms aesthetics - mental, moral intellectual.

h) PO-8 : Nurture themselves in soft skills and literary competency and develop aptitudes to find jobs for their livelihood.

i) PO-9 : Empowers the graduates to appear for various competitive examinations, appear for placement interviews or choose the Post Graduate programmes of their choice.

j) PO-10 : The students develop into mature, responsible citizens of the country.

Programme Outcomes (POs) for B.Sc. Programmes :
a) PO-1 : The B. Sc. Programme develops scientific temperament and attitude among the science graduates.

b) PO-2 : The qualities of a Science stream education – observation, precision, analytical mind, logical thinking, clarity of thought and expression, systematic approach, qualitative and quantitative decision making are enlarged.

c) PO-3 : The B.Sc. programmes also empower the graduates to appear for various competitive examination, placement interviews s or choose the post graduate programmes of their choice .

d) PO-4 : This programme train the learners to extract information, formulate and solve problems in a systematic and logical manner.

e) PO-5 : Bachelor of Science Programmes offers theoretical as well as practical knowledge about different subject areas and courses.

f) PO-6 : This course forms the basis of science for coherent understanding of the academic field to pursue multi and interdisciplinary science careers in future. These subject areas include Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Geography, Computer Science, Botany, Environmental Science and Zoology.

g) PO-7 : Able to plan and execute experiments or investigations, analyze and interpret data information collected using appropriate methods.

h) PO-8 : It helps to develop scientific temper and thus can prove to be more beneficial for the society as the scientific developments can make a nation or society to grow at a rapid pace through research.

i) PO-9 : These programmes enable the learners to perform the jobs in diverse fields such as Science, Engineering, Industries, Survey, Education, Banking, Development-planning, Business, Public service, Self business etc. efficiently.

Programme Outcomes (POs) for B.Com. Programmes –
a) PO-1 : The B. Com. graduates would be able to acquire basic and fundamental knowledge and skills for doing business and commercial activities of their choice.

b) PO-2 : The B.Com. programme empowers the graduates to appear for various competitive exams or choose a profession of their choice such as CA, CS, ICWA, MBA, M.Com etc.

c) PO-3 : The programme enables the students to aquire the accounting knowledge, management principles, retail trading, banking and insurance transactions, business economics and financial management.

d) PO-4 : The students also acquire knowledge in the field of management accounting, corporate accounting, statistical and mathematical techniques and knowledge relating to corporate law and business laws.

e) PO-5 : Develop expertise and skill-sets in the field of Direct and Indirect Taxation , their laws and computation.

f) PO-6 : Develop skill-sets in using technological tools like TALLY.

g) PO-7 : The students become capable of being entrepreneurs or choosing a profession or can become employees having basic knowledge and skill required for such activities.

h) PO-8 : Students will be able to recognize features and roles of businessmen, entrepreneur, managers, consultants, taxmen etc.

DESIGNING OF COURSE OUTCOMES (COS): The course outcomes (COs) designed by the various Departments of Panchakot Mahavidyalaya are being attached herewith.

ATTAINMENT OF PO-CO AS FORMULATED IN OUR COLLEGE
Course Outcome:
Course outcomes (CO) are declarations of what a student will understand or be able to accomplish after completing a lesson. Usually, outcomes are expressed in terms of attitudes, abilities, or knowledge. It is a precise, quantifiable, and visible statement that makes it abundantly evident what knowledge and skills a student should acquire as a result of their education. It outlines the information, abilities, and values that students can exhibit at the end of a course or multiple courses.

Attainment of CO:
The total attainment of a CO is evaluated by two assessment methods. They are

1. Direct Assessment methods
2. Indirect Assessment methods

Direct assessment includes Internal Assessment Test, Assignment, Tutorial, Laboratory Skills, Project works and University Examination. Indirect attainment is calculated based on the students’ feedback regarding the course.

Direct Assessment (DA):

Attainment Level for IA/Assignment/Lab Skills/Projects(I):

Attainment Level for University Examination(U):

Formula for direct attainment : DA = (40% of I) + (60% of U)

Indirect Assessment (IA):

Attainment Level for Indirect Assessment (IA):

Formula for CO attainment = (80% of DA) + (20% of IA)

Program Outcome:
Program Outcomes (PO) describes what a program is expected to accomplish. POs describe what students should know and be able to do at the end of the program or degree, such as B.A., B.Sc., and B.Com. POs are the measures of the comprehensive and inclusive qualities that the students demonstrate upon completion of a particular degree. The departments involved in the program work collaboratively to produce the outcomes, which are then submitted for review and approval to the Internal Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC) for action dedicated towards enhancement of  learning levels.

Attainment of PO:
The duration of a program (BA/BSc/BCom) is divided into six semesters. In each semester, the students have to pursue several courses. Hence, the outcome of each semester is therefore linked to the CO. Hence, the PO attainment is calculated based on the Semester Outcome (SO) levels considering the weightage of each SO in the PO matrix as follows: